Running gear, axles, steering

Chapter overview

• Technical data
  1
• 1 Safety information
  1
• 1.1 Safety measures when working on vehicles with a start/stop system
  1
• 1.2 Safety precautions when working on subframe
  1
• 2 Repair notes
  2
• 2.1 Leaks at shock absorbers
  2
• 2.2 Noises from shock absorbers
  2
• 2.3 Checking shock absorbers when removed
  3
• 2.4 Steering rack
  3
• 2.5 Gaskets and seals
  4
• 2.6 Nuts and bolts
  4
• 2.7 Electrical components
  4
• 2.8 Raising suspension to unladen position (vehicles with coil springs)
  5
• 3 Evaluating accident vehicles
  11
• 3.1 Check list for evaluating running gear on accident vehicles
  11
• 4 Disposal
  13
• 4.1 Releasing gas and draining front gas-filled shock absorbers
  13
• 4.2 Releasing gas and draining rear gas-filled shock absorbers
  15
• Front suspension
  17
• 1 Front axle
  17
• 1.1 Overview of fitting locations – front axle
  17
• 2 Subframe
  20
• 2.1 Assembly overview – subframe
  20
• 2.2 Removing and installing subframe without steering rack
  20
• 2.3 Removing and installing subframe with steering rack
  23
• 2.4 Fixing subframe in position
  27
• 2.5 Lowering subframe
  32
• 3 Anti-roll bar
  36
• 3.1 Assembly overview – anti-roll bar
  36
• 3.2 Removing and installing anti-roll bar
  36
• 3.3 Removing and installing coupling rod
  39
• 4 Suspension strut, upper suspension link
  41
• 4.1 Assembly overview - suspension strut, upper suspension link
  41
• 4.2 Removing and installing suspension strut
  42
• 4.3 Repairing suspension strut
  54
• 5 Lower suspension link, swivel joint
  59
• 5.1 Assembly overview - lower suspension link, swivel joint
  59
• 5.2 Removing and installing lower suspension link
  60
• 5.3 Checking swivel joint
  62
• 5.4 Removing and installing swivel joint
  63
• 5.5 Renewing bonded rubber bush for lower suspension link
  66
• 6 Wheel bearing
  78
• 6.1 Assembly overview – wheel bearing assembly
  78
• 6.2 Removing and installing wheel bearing housing
  78
• 6.3 Removing and installing wheel bearing unit
  85
• 7 Drive shaft
  93
• 7.1 Overview - drive shaft
  93
• 7.2 Assembly overview – drive shaft
  94
• 7.3 Removing and installing drive shaft
  102
• 7.4 Removing and installing joint
  118
• 7.5 Removing and installing drive shaft heat shield
  122
• 7.6 Dismantling and assembling drive shaft
  123
• 7.7 Checking outer constant velocity joint
  152
• 7.8 Checking inner constant velocity joint
  154
• Rear suspension
  157
• 1 Rear axle
  157
• 1.1 Overview – rear axle
  157
• 1.2 Removing and installing rear axle
  159
• 2 Axle beam
  164
• 2.1 Assembly overview – axle beam
  164
• 2.2 Renewing bonded rubber bush for axle beam
  165
• 2.3 Removing and installing cladding for axle beam
  172
• 2.4 Removing and installing stone deflector for axle beam
  174
• 3 Suspension strut, shock absorber, spring
  177
• 3.1 Assembly overview - suspension strut, shock absorber, spring
  177
• 3.2 Removing and installing shock absorber
  180
• 3.3 Repairing shock absorber
  183
• 3.4 Removing and installing spring
  189
• 4 Wheel bearing assembly, trailing arm
  191
• 4.1 Assembly overview – wheel bearing assembly
  191
• 4.2 Removing and installing wheel bearing unit
  192
• Self-levelling suspension
  200
• 1 Electronic damping control
  200
• 1.1 Overview of fitting locations - electronically controlled damping system
  200
• 1.2 Removing and installing electronically controlled damping control unit J250
  200
• 2 Vehicle level sender
  202
• 2.1 Assembly overview – rear vehicle level senders
  202
• 2.2 Removing and installing rear vehicle level senders G76/G77
  202
• Wheels, tyres, vehicle geometry
  205
• 1 Wheel alignment
  205
• 1.1 Notes for wheel alignment
  205
• 1.2 Conditions for testing
  206
• 1.3 Test preparations
  206
• 1.4 Specifications for wheel alignment
  208
• 1.5 Setting vehicle to initial position for wheel alignment
  211
• 1.6 Wheel alignment procedure
  211
• 1.7 Necessity of wheel alignment
  212
• 1.8 Vehicle data sticker
  213
• 1.9 Adjusting camber at front wheels
  214
• 1.10 Adjusting camber on rear axle
  215
• 1.11 Adjusting toe at rear axle
  215
• 1.12 Adjusting front axle toe
  215
• 1.13 Checking maximum steering wheel angle
  217
• 2 Adaptive cruise control
  218
• 2.1 Calibrating adaptive cruise control
  218
• 3 Calibrating front camera for assist systems
  224
• Steering
  232
• 1 Steering wheel
  232
• 1.1 Assembly overview – steering wheel
  232
• 1.2 Removing and installing steering wheel
  232
• 2 Steering column
  235
• 2.1 Assembly overview – steering column
  235
• 2.2 Removing and installing steering column
  236
• 2.3 Handling and transporting steering column
  243
• 2.4 Removing and installing intermediate steering shaft
  245
• 2.5 Repairing steering column
  246
• 2.6 Removing and installing control unit for electronic steering column lock J764
  247
• 2.7 Removing and installing power steering control unit J500
  248
• 3 Steering rack
  254
• 3.1 Assembly overview – steering rack
  254
• 3.2 Removing and installing steering rack
  255
• 3.3 Removing and installing track rod
  261
• 3.4 Removing and installing track rod ball joint
  265
• 4 Sensors
  268
• 4.1 Removing and installing steering angle sender G85
  268