Running gear, axles, steering

Chapter overview

• Technical data
  1
• 1 Safety information
  1
• 1.1 Safety measures when working on vehicles with a start/stop system
  1
• 1.2 Safety precautions when working on subframe
  1
• 1.3 Safety precautions when working on high-voltage system
  2
• 1.4 Safety precautions when working in vicinity of high-voltage components
  2
• 2 Hazard classification of high-voltage system
  4
• 3 Repair instructions
  5
• 3.1 Leaks at shock absorbers
  5
• 3.2 Noises from shock absorbers
  6
• 3.3 Checking shock absorbers when removed
  6
• 3.4 Steering rack
  6
• 3.5 Gaskets and seals
  7
• 3.6 Nuts and bolts
  7
• 3.7 Electrical components
  7
• 3.8 Raising suspension to unladen position (vehicles with coil springs)
  8
• 4 Evaluating accident vehicles
  14
• 4.1 Check list for evaluating running gear on accident vehicles
  14
• 5 Disposal
  16
• 5.1 Releasing gas and draining front gas-filled shock absorbers
  16
• 5.2 Releasing gas and draining rear gas-filled shock absorbers
  17
• 6 Hazard classification of high-voltage system
  18
• Front suspension
  19
• 1 Front axle
  19
• 1.1 Overview of fitting locations – front axle
  19
• 2 Subframe
  20
• 2.1 Assembly overview – subframe
  20
• 2.2 Removing and installing subframe without steering rack
  22
• 2.3 Repairing subframe
  27
• 2.4 Removing and installing anti-roll bar
  31
• 2.5 Renewing anti-roll bar bushes
  33
• 2.6 Removing and installing coupling rod
  35
• 2.7 Fixing subframe in position
  36
• 2.8 Lowering subframe
  43
• 3 Suspension strut
  48
• 3.1 Assembly overview – suspension strut
  48
• 3.2 Removing and installing suspension strut
  50
• 3.3 Repairing suspension strut
  63
• 4 Lower suspension link, swivel joint
  67
• 4.1 Assembly overview - lower suspension link, swivel joint
  67
• 4.2 Removing and installing lower suspension link
  69
• 4.3 Checking swivel joint
  71
• 4.4 Removing and installing swivel joint
  72
• 4.5 Renewing bonded rubber bush for lower suspension link
  74
• 5 Wheel bearing
  81
• 5.1 Assembly overview – wheel bearing assembly
  81
• 5.2 Removing and installing wheel bearing housing
  82
• 5.3 Removing and installing wheel bearing unit
  91
• 6 Drive shaft
  101
• 6.1 Overview - drive shaft
  101
• 6.2 Assembly overview – drive shaft
  102
• 6.3 Removing and installing drive shaft
  108
• 6.4 Loosening and tightening threaded connections of drive shaft
  128
• 6.5 Dismantling and assembling drive shaft
  130
• 6.6 Checking outer constant velocity joint
  149
• 6.7 Checking inner constant velocity joint
  151
• 6.8 Removing and installing jointed shaft support bearing
  153
• Rear suspension
  157
• 1 Rear axle
  157
• 1.1 Overview – rear axle
  157
• 2 Anti-roll bar
  158
• 2.1 Assembly overview – anti-roll bar
  158
• 2.2 Removing and installing anti-roll bar
  158
• 2.3 Renewing anti-roll bar bushes
  161
• 3 Suspension link, track rod
  165
• 3.1 Assembly overview - transverse link
  165
• 3.2 Removing and installing lower transverse link
  165
• 3.3 Renewing bonded rubber bush for suspension link
  168
• 4 Suspension strut, shock absorber, spring
  176
• 4.1 Assembly overview - suspension strut, shock absorber, spring
  176
• 4.2 Removing and installing shock absorber
  176
• 4.3 Removing and installing spring
  179
• 5 Wheel bearing assembly, trailing arm
  183
• 5.1 Assembly overview – wheel bearing assembly
  183
• 5.2 Removing and installing wheel bearing unit
  183
• 6 Drive shaft
  189
• 6.1 Assembly overview – drive shaft
  189
• 6.2 Removing and installing drive shaft
  191
• 6.3 Dismantling and assembling drive shaft
  198
• 6.4 Loosening and tightening threaded connections of drive shaft
  205
• 6.5 Checking inner constant velocity joint
  207
• Self-levelling suspension
  210
• 1 Electronically controlled damping system
  210
• 1.1 Assembly overview - electronically controlled damping system
  210
• 1.2 Removing and installing electronically controlled damping control unit J250
  211
• 1.3 Removing and installing front body acceleration senders G341/G342
  212
• 1.4 Removing and installing rear body acceleration sender G343
  213
• 2 Vehicle level sender
  215
• 2.1 Assembly overview – front vehicle level senders
  215
• 2.2 Assembly overview – rear vehicle level senders
  217
• 2.3 Removing and installing front vehicle level senders G78/G289
  218
• 2.4 Removing and installing rear vehicle level senders G76/G77
  220
• Wheels, tyres, vehicle geometry
  222
• 1 Wheels, tyres
  222
• 1.1 Specified torques for wheel bolts
  222
• 1.2 Pressing tyre off wheel rim
  222
• 1.3 Removing tyre from wheel
  223
• 1.4 Fitting tyres
  223
• 1.5 Wheel change
  224
• 1.6 Tyre sealant disposal
  228
• 1.7 Models with breakdown set
  228
• 2 Tyre Pressure Monitoring System
  232
• 2.1 System description – Tyre Pressure Monitoring System
  232
• 3 Wheel alignment
  233
• 3.1 Notes for wheel alignment
  233
• 3.2 Conditions for testing
  233
• 3.3 Test preparations
  234
• 3.4 Specifications for wheel alignment
  236
• 3.5 Wheel alignment procedure
  239
• 3.6 Necessity of wheel alignment
  240
• 3.7 Adjusting camber at front wheels
  241
• 3.8 Adjusting front axle toe
  241
• 3.9 Adjusting toe at rear axle
  243
• 3.10 Vehicle data sticker
  245
• 4 Adaptive cruise control
  247
• 4.1 Calibrating adaptive cruise control
  247
• Steering
  254
• 1 Steering wheel
  254
• 1.1 Assembly overview – steering wheel
  254
• 1.2 Removing and installing steering wheel
  254
• 2 Steering column
  257
• 2.1 Assembly overview – steering column
  257
• 2.2 Checking steering column for damage
  258
• 2.3 Handling and transporting steering column
  258
• 2.4 Removing and installing steering column
  259
• 2.5 Removing and installing intermediate steering shaft
  265
• 2.6 Removing and installing protective sleeve for intermediate steering shaft
  269
• 3 Steering rack
  273
• 3.1 Assembly overview – steering rack
  273
• 3.2 Removing and installing steering rack
  276
• 3.3 Removing and installing track rod
  281
• 3.4 Repairing steering rack
  284
• 4 Hydraulic power steering
  287
• 4.1 Assembly overview - vane pump
  287
• 4.2 Checking hydraulic fluid level of power steering
  291
• 4.3 Bleeding steering system after repairs
  291
• 4.4 Check steering for leaks
  291
• 4.5 Checking delivery pressure of vane pump
  292
• 4.6 Removing and installing vane pump
  296