Running gear, axles, steering

Chapter overview

• Technical data
  1
• 1 Safety information
  1
• 1.1 Safety measures when working on vehicles with a start/stop system
  1
• 1.2 Safety precautions when working on subframe
  1
• 2 Evaluating accident vehicles
  2
• 2.1 Check list for evaluating running gear on accident vehicles
  2
• 3 Repair instructions
  4
• 3.1 Leaks at shock absorbers
  4
• 3.2 Noises from shock absorbers
  4
• 3.3 Checking shock absorbers when removed
  5
• 3.4 Steering rack
  5
• 3.5 Gaskets and seals
  6
• 3.6 Nuts and bolts
  6
• 3.7 Electrical components
  6
• 3.8 Raising suspension to unladen position (vehicles with coil springs)
  7
• 4 Disposal
  11
• 4.1 Releasing gas and draining front gas-filled shock absorbers
  11
• 4.2 Releasing gas and draining rear gas-filled shock absorbers
  13
• Front suspension
  15
• 1 Front axle
  15
• 1.1 Overview of fitting locations - front axle
  15
• 2 Subframe
  16
• 2.1 Assembly overview – subframe
  16
• 2.2 Removing and installing subframe without steering rack
  18
• 2.3 Removing and installing subframe with steering rack
  23
• 2.4 Repairing subframe
  31
• 2.5 Removing and installing anti-roll bar
  45
• 2.6 Removing and installing coupling rod
  50
• 2.7 Repairing thread in longitudinal member
  52
• 2.8 Fixing subframe in position
  52
• 2.9 Lowering subframe
  57
• 3 Suspension strut, upper suspension link
  62
• 3.1 Assembly overview - suspension strut, upper suspension link
  62
• 3.2 Removing and installing suspension strut
  63
• 3.3 Repairing suspension strut
  74
• 4 Lower suspension link, swivel joint
  79
• 4.1 Assembly overview - lower suspension link, swivel joint
  79
• 4.2 Removing and installing lower suspension link
  80
• 4.3 Checking swivel joint
  89
• 4.4 Removing and installing swivel joint
  89
• 4.5 Renewing front bonded rubber bush for lower suspension link
  94
• 4.6 Renewing rear bonded rubber bush for lower suspension link
  98
• 5 Wheel bearing
  102
• 5.1 Assembly overview – wheel bearing assembly
  102
• 5.2 Removing and installing wheel bearing housing
  102
• 5.3 Removing and installing wheel bearing unit
  109
• 6 Drive shaft
  114
• 6.1 Overview - drive shaft
  114
• 6.2 Assembly overview – drive shaft
  115
• 6.3 Removing and installing drive shaft
  123
• 6.4 Loosening and tightening threaded connections of drive shaft
  142
• 6.5 Removing and installing drive shaft heat shield
  144
• 6.6 Dismantling and assembling drive shaft
  145
• 6.7 Checking outer constant velocity joint
  166
• 6.8 Checking inner constant velocity joint
  167
• Rear suspension
  171
• 1 Rear axle
  171
• 1.1 Overview – rear axle
  171
• 1.2 Lowering rear axle
  172
• 1.3 Removing and installing rear axle
  179
• 1.4 Removing and installing shield for rear axle
  189
• 2 Subframe
  191
• 2.1 Assembly overview – subframe
  191
• 2.2 Assembly overview - add-on parts for subframe
  192
• 2.3 Fixing subframe in position
  193
• 2.4 Repairing subframe
  208
• 3 Anti-roll bar
  223
• 3.1 Assembly overview - anti-roll bar
  223
• 3.2 Removing and installing anti-roll bar
  223
• 3.3 Removing and installing coupling rod
  225
• 4 Suspension link, track rod
  229
• 4.1 Assembly overview - transverse link
  229
• 4.2 Assembly overview - track rod
  231
• 4.3 Removing and installing upper transverse link
  231
• 4.4 Removing and installing lower transverse link
  233
• 4.5 Removing and installing track rod
  235
• 5 Suspension strut, shock absorber, spring
  237
• 5.1 Assembly overview - suspension strut, shock absorber, spring
  237
• 5.2 Removing and installing shock absorber
  238
• 5.3 Repairing shock absorber
  242
• 5.4 Removing and installing spring
  244
• 6 Wheel bearing assembly, trailing arm
  252
• 6.1 Assembly overview – wheel bearing assembly
  252
• 6.2 Assembly overview - trailing arm
  254
• 6.3 Removing and installing wheel bearing housing
  255
• 6.4 Removing and installing wheel bearing unit
  267
• 6.5 Renewing bonded rubber bush for wheel bearing housing
  275
• 6.6 Removing and installing trailing arm with mounting bracket
  278
• 6.7 Repairing trailing arm
  282
• 7 Drive shaft
  288
• 7.1 Assembly overview – drive shaft
  288
• 7.2 Loosening and tightening threaded connections of drive shaft
  292
• 7.3 Removing and installing drive shaft
  293
• 7.4 Dismantling and assembling drive shaft
  301
• 7.5 Checking outer constant velocity joint
  308
• 7.6 Checking inner constant velocity joint
  309
• Self-levelling suspension
  313
• 1 Electronically controlled damping system
  313
• 1.1 Assembly overview - electronically controlled damping system
  313
• 1.2 Removing and installing electronically controlled damping control unit J250
  315
• 1.3 Removing and installing front body acceleration senders G341/G342
  316
• 1.4 Removing and installing rear body acceleration sender G343
  319
• 2 Vehicle level sender
  321
• 2.1 Assembly overview - front vehicle level senders
  321
• 2.2 Assembly overview - rear vehicle level senders
  322
• 2.3 Removing and installing front vehicle level senders G78/G289
  322
• 2.4 Removing and installing rear vehicle level senders G76/G77
  324
• Wheels, tyres, vehicle geometry
  326
• 1 Wheel alignment
  326
• 1.1 Notes for wheel alignment
  326
• 1.2 Conditions for testing
  327
• 1.3 Test preparations
  327
• 1.4 Specifications for wheel alignment
  329
• 1.5 Wheel alignment procedure
  330
• 1.6 Necessity of wheel alignment
  332
• 1.7 Vehicle data sticker
  333
• 1.8 Adjusting camber at front wheels
  333
• 1.9 Adjusting camber on rear axle
  335
• 1.10 Adjusting toe at rear axle
  337
• 1.11 Adjusting front axle toe
  337
• 1.12 Wheel runout compensation
  339
• 1.13 Checking maximum wheel lock
  339
• 2 Adaptive cruise control
  341
• 2.1 Calibrating adaptive cruise control
  341
• 3 Front camera for assist systems
  347
• 3.1 Calibrating front camera for assist systems
  347
• Steering
  355
• 1 Steering wheel
  355
• 1.1 Assembly overview – steering wheel
  355
• 1.2 Removing and installing steering wheel
  355
• 2 Steering column
  358
• 2.1 Assembly overview – steering column
  358
• 2.2 Checking steering column for damage
  359
• 2.3 Handling and transporting steering column
  360
• 2.4 Removing and installing steering column
  361
• 2.5 Removing and installing control unit for electronic steering column lock J764
  372
• 3 Steering rack
  375
• 3.1 Assembly overview – steering rack
  375
• 3.2 Removing and installing steering rack
  380
• 3.3 Removing and installing boot
  392
• 3.4 Removing and installing track rod
  394
• 3.5 Removing and installing track rod ball joint
  399
• 3.6 Repairing steering rack
  401
• 4 Sensors
  406
• 4.1 Removing and installing steering angle sender G85
  406