Running gear, axles, steering

Chapter overview

• Technical data
  1
• 1 Safety information
  1
• 1.1 Safety measures when working on vehicles with a start/stop system
  1
• 1.2 Safety precautions when working on high-voltage system
  1
• 1.3 Safety precautions when working in the vicinity of high-voltage components
  2
• 1.4 Safety precautions when working on subframe
  2
• 2 Repair notes
  3
• 2.1 Leaks at shock absorbers
  3
• 2.2 Noises from shock absorbers
  3
• 2.3 Checking shock absorbers when removed
  4
• 2.4 Steering rack
  4
• 2.5 Gaskets and seals
  5
• 2.6 Nuts and bolts
  5
• 2.7 Electrical components
  5
• 2.8 Raising suspension to unladen position (vehicles with coil springs)
  5
• 3 Evaluating accident vehicles
  9
• 3.1 Check list for evaluating running gear on accident vehicles
  9
• 4 Disposal
  11
• 4.1 Releasing gas and draining front gas-filled shock absorbers
  11
• 4.2 Releasing gas and draining rear gas-filled shock absorbers
  12
• Front suspension
  15
• 1 Front axle
  15
• 1.1 Overview of fitting locations – front axle
  15
• 2 Subframe
  16
• 2.1 Assembly overview – subframe
  16
• 2.2 Removing and installing subframe without steering rack
  18
• 2.3 Removing and installing subframe with steering rack
  23
• 2.4 Repairing subframe
  30
• 2.5 Removing and installing anti-roll bar
  44
• 2.6 Removing and installing coupling rod
  49
• 2.7 Repairing thread in longitudinal member
  50
• 2.8 Fixing subframe in position
  50
• 2.9 Lowering subframe
  54
• 3 Suspension strut, upper suspension link
  59
• 3.1 Assembly overview - suspension strut, upper suspension link
  59
• 3.2 Removing and installing suspension strut
  60
• 3.3 Repairing suspension strut
  70
• 4 Lower suspension link, swivel joint
  74
• 4.1 Assembly overview - lower suspension link, swivel joint
  74
• 4.2 Removing and installing lower suspension link
  76
• 4.3 Checking swivel joint
  85
• 4.4 Removing and installing swivel joint
  85
• 4.5 Renewing front bonded rubber bush for lower suspension link
  90
• 4.6 Renewing rear bonded rubber bush for lower suspension link
  93
• 5 Wheel bearing
  98
• 5.1 Assembly overview – wheel bearing assembly
  98
• 5.2 Removing and installing wheel bearing housing
  98
• 5.3 Removing and installing wheel bearing unit
  105
• 6 Drive shaft
  109
• 6.1 Overview - drive shaft
  109
• 6.2 Assembly overview – drive shaft
  110
• 6.3 Removing and installing drive shaft
  118
• 6.4 Loosening and tightening threaded connections of drive shaft
  135
• 6.5 Removing and installing drive shaft heat shield
  137
• 6.6 Dismantling and assembling drive shaft
  137
• 6.7 Checking outer constant velocity joint
  159
• 6.8 Checking inner constant velocity joint
  160
• Rear suspension
  163
• 1 Rear axle
  163
• 1.1 Overview – rear axle
  163
• 1.2 Lowering rear axle
  164
• 1.3 Removing and installing rear axle
  170
• 1.4 Removing and installing shield for rear axle
  179
• 2 Subframe
  181
• 2.1 Assembly overview – subframe
  181
• 2.2 Assembly overview - add-on parts for subframe
  182
• 2.3 Fixing subframe in position
  183
• 2.4 Repairing subframe
  198
• 3 Anti-roll bar
  213
• 3.1 Assembly overview – anti-roll bar
  213
• 3.2 Removing and installing anti-roll bar
  213
• 3.3 Removing and installing coupling rod
  215
• 4 Suspension link, track rod
  218
• 4.1 Assembly overview - transverse link
  218
• 4.2 Assembly overview – track rod
  220
• 4.3 Removing and installing upper transverse link
  221
• 4.4 Removing and installing lower transverse link
  222
• 4.5 Removing and installing track rod
  223
• 5 Suspension strut, shock absorber, spring
  225
• 5.1 Assembly overview - suspension strut, shock absorber, spring
  225
• 5.2 Removing and installing shock absorber
  226
• 5.3 Repairing shock absorber
  229
• 5.4 Removing and installing spring
  231
• 6 Wheel bearing assembly, trailing arm
  238
• 6.1 Assembly overview – wheel bearing assembly
  238
• 6.2 Assembly overview - trailing arm
  240
• 6.3 Removing and installing wheel bearing housing
  241
• 6.4 Removing and installing wheel bearing unit
  253
• 6.5 Renewing bonded rubber bush for wheel bearing housing
  259
• 6.6 Removing and installing trailing arm with mounting bracket
  264
• 6.7 Repairing trailing arm
  267
• 7 Drive shaft
  273
• 7.1 Assembly overview – drive shaft
  273
• 7.2 Loosening and tightening threaded connections of drive shaft
  277
• 7.3 Removing and installing drive shaft
  278
• 7.4 Dismantling and assembling drive shaft
  285
• 7.5 Checking outer constant velocity joint
  292
• 7.6 Checking inner constant velocity joint
  294
• Self-levelling suspension
  297
• 1 Electronically controlled damping system
  297
• 1.1 Assembly overview - electronically controlled damping system
  297
• 1.2 Removing and installing electronically controlled damping control unit J250
  299
• 1.3 Removing and installing front body acceleration senders G341/G342
  300
• 1.4 Removing and installing rear body acceleration sender G343
  303
• 2 Vehicle level sender
  305
• 2.1 Assembly overview – front vehicle level senders
  305
• 2.2 Assembly overview – rear vehicle level senders
  306
• 2.3 Removing and installing front vehicle level senders G78/G289
  306
• 2.4 Removing and installing rear vehicle level senders G76/G77
  308
• Wheels, tyres, vehicle geometry
  310
• 1 Wheel alignment
  310
• 1.1 Notes for wheel alignment
  310
• 1.2 Prerequisites for testing
  311
• 1.3 Test preparations
  311
• 1.4 Specifications for wheel alignment
  313
• 1.5 Wheel alignment procedure
  314
• 1.6 Necessity of wheel alignment
  316
• 1.7 Vehicle data sticker
  316
• 1.8 Adjusting camber at front wheels
  317
• 1.9 Adjusting camber on rear axle
  318
• 1.10 Adjusting toe at rear axle
  320
• 1.11 Adjusting front axle toe
  320
• 1.12 Wheel runout compensation
  321
• 1.13 Checking maximum steering wheel angle
  321
• Steering
  323
• 1 Steering wheel
  323
• 1.1 Assembly overview – steering wheel
  323
• 1.2 Removing and installing steering wheel
  324
• 2 Steering column
  326
• 2.1 Assembly overview – steering column
  326
• 2.2 Checking steering column for damage
  327
• 2.3 Handling and transporting steering column
  328
• 2.4 Removing and installing steering column
  329
• 2.5 Removing and installing control unit for electronic steering column lock J764
  338
• 3 Steering rack
  341
• 3.1 Assembly overview – steering rack
  341
• 3.2 Removing and installing steering rack
  346
• 3.3 Removing and installing boot
  357
• 3.4 Removing and installing track rod
  359
• 3.5 Removing and installing track rod ball joint
  364
• 3.6 Repairing steering rack
  365
• 4 Sensors
  371
• 4.1 Removing and installing steering angle sender G85
  371